Podcast #3 principles of design

Define principles of design?
Concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a fomposition
What do the principles of design affect?
the expressive content or the message of the work
What is the principle of repetition?
Repeating some aspect or element of the design throughout the enire document
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?
It acts as a visual key that ties your peice together
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?
patterns, bold front, thick line, certain bullet, color
What should you avoid when working with repetition?
repeatting so much that it becomes overwhelming or annoying
What is the principle of proportion/scale?
The relative size and scale of the various elements in a design
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?
human body
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?
architectural spaces used to impress are scaled to a size that dwarfs the veiwer
What is the principle of balance?
distribution of heavy and light elements on the page
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?
irregular shapes
What is another name for symmetrical balance?
formal balance
Define symmetrical balance?
balance that occurs when the weight of a composition is evenly distributed around a central vertical or horizontal axis
What is another name for asymmetrical balance?
informal balance
Define asymmetrical balance?
occurs when the weight of a composition is not evenly distributed around the axis
What is the principle of emphasis?
stressing of a particular part of focus rather than the matze of details of equal importance
What happens to a design that has no focus?
nothing stands out
What is a focal point and how is it created?area where the eye tends to go first, marking one elemnt dominant with all other areas contributing
How many components of a composition can be a focal point?
one
What ways can emphasis be created in a design?
sudden change in: direction, size, shape, texture, color, tone, or line
What is the principle of unity?
the wholeness of composition
What three ways can unity be obtained?
1. put objects close to one another

2. make things similar using similar textures etc.

3.direct vision by a line that travels around the design

What is the principle of variety?
pertains to differences and diversity
What ways can a designer add variety to a design?
vary textures, color and shapes, and alter their contrast tone and intensity
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?
too much unity can be boring, too much variety can look chaotic
What is figure?
the eye differentiates an object from its surrounding area
What is another name for figure?
positive space
What is ground?
the surrounding area around figure
What is another name for ground?
negative space
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?in compositions without recognizable subject matter, the figure will depend on the abstract relationship between visual elements
Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?
so that they
What is the principle of rhythm?continuity recurrence or organized movement in space and time
How is rhythm achieved?
through orderly repetition of an element, line, shape, value, tone, or texture
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1.intervals between the elemts

2. with a more organic flowing sense of movement

3.a sequence of shapes through a progression of steps

How does rhythm help a composition/design?can help deliver the message by controlling the viewers movement
What is the principle of contrast?
Occurs when 2 related elements are different
How can contrast help a design?
can draw the viewers eye into the piece
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?
monotonous, or confusing
What is the key to working with contrast?
to make sure the differences are obvious
What are some common ways of creating contrast?

size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment